Vem daterade Charles IX of Sweden?

Charles IX, also Carl (Swedish: Karl IX; 4 October 1550 – 30 October 1611), reigned as King of Sweden from 1604 until 1611. He was the youngest son of King Gustav I (r. 1523–1560) and of his second wife, Margaret Leijonhufvud, the brother of King John III and half-brother of King Eric XIV, and the uncle of Sigismund, who became king both of Sweden and of Poland. By his father's will Charles received, by way of appanage, the Duchy of Södermanland, which included the provinces of Närke and Värmland; but he did not come into actual possession of them till after the fall of Eric and the succession to the throne of John in 1569.

Both Charles and Eric XIV took their regnal numbers according to a fictitious history of Sweden. He was actually the third Swedish king called Charles.

He came into the throne by championing the Protestant cause during the increasingly tense times of religious strife between competing sects of Christianity. Just under a decade after his death, these would re-ignite in the Thirty Years' War of 1618–1648. These conflicts had already caused the dynastic squabble rooted in religious freedom that deposed Charles' nephew (Sigismund III) and brought Charles to rule as king of Sweden.

His reign marked the start of the final chapter (dated 1648 by some) both of the Reformation and of the Counter-Reformation. With the death of his brother John III of Sweden in November 1592, the Swedish throne went to his nephew, the Habsburg ally Sigismund of Poland and Sweden. During these tense political times, Charles viewed the inheritance of the throne of Protestant Sweden by his devout Catholic nephew with alarm. Several years of religious controversy and discord followed.

While King Sigismund resided in Poland, Charles and the Swedish privy council ruled in Sigismund's name. After various preliminaries, the Riksdag of the Estates forced Sigismund to abdicate the throne to Charles IX in 1595. This eventually kicked off nearly seven decades of sporadic warfare as the two lines of the divided House of Vasa both continued to attempt to remake the union between the Polish and Swedish thrones with opposing counter-claims and dynastic wars.

Quite likely, the dynastic outcome between the Swedish and Polish representatives of the House of Vasa exacerbated and radicalized the later actions of Europe's Catholic princes in the German states such as the Edict of Restitution of 1629. In fact, it worsened European politics to the abandonment or prevention of settling events by diplomacy and compromise during the vast bloodletting of the Thirty Years' War.

Karin Nilsdotter, född cirka 1550 eller 1551, död 1613, var frilla till kung Karl IX av Sverige. Hon var mor till Carl Carlsson Gyllenhielm.

Hon var dotter till Nicolaus Andreæ (Nils Andersson), kyrkoherde i Östra Husby i Östergötland, och dennes hustru, som också hette Karin. Hennes far var prästerskapets representant vid riksdagen 1571, och hennes bror Andreas Nicolai tillhörde den första generationen legitima prästsöner som efterträdde sina fäder.

Det är inte känt exakt när hon blev Karls frilla, men relationen inleddes troligen omkring år 1568. Parets första dokumenterade möte är från 1573, då Karin Nilsdotter officiellt var kammarjungfru på Sjösa gård hos adelsdamen Sigrid Kyle, som var gift med ståthållaren på Nyköpings slott, Johan Olofsson till Sjösa. År 1574 fick hon en son med hertig Karl. Efter sonens födsel levde Karin vanligen med honom på Karls gods Julita i Sörmland. I maj 1578 friade Karl till Maria av Pfalz, och samma höst gifte sig Karin med Karls kammarherre Gustav Andersson. Den 8 november 1578 fick paret gården Sundby i Runtuna socken i Rönö härad. Karin fick två döttrar med Gustav Andersson.

Vid makens död 1584 mottog Karin ytterligare sex hemman, tre kronoutjordar, tiondet från Lerbo församling och en årlig fördelning av spannmål av Karl. Hon gifte sig för andra gången med änkedrottning Katarina Stenbocks livmedikus, och för tredje gången 1594 med amiralen och ståthållare på Nyköpings slott, Peder Siöblad av Flättna (född omkring 1540, död före 1604), i hans femte gifte, med vilken hon fick en dotter. Hennes gods ärvdes av hennes dotter Elin Gustavsdotter.