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Commodus

Commodus

Commodus (; Latin: [ˈkɔmmɔdʊs]; 31 August 161 – 31 December 192) was Roman emperor from 177 to 192, first serving as nominal co-emperor under his father Marcus Aurelius and then ruling alone from 180. Commodus's sole reign is commonly thought to mark the end of the Pax Romana, a golden age of peace and prosperity in the history of the Roman Empire.

Commodus accompanied his father during the Marcomannic Wars in 172 and on a tour of the Eastern provinces in 176. The following year, he became the youngest emperor and consul up to that point, at the age of 16. His solo reign saw less military conflict than that of Marcus Aurelius, but internal intrigues and conspiracies abounded, goading Commodus to an increasingly dictatorial style of leadership. This culminated in his creating a deific personality cult, including his performances as a gladiator in the Colosseum. Throughout his reign, Commodus entrusted the management of affairs to his palace chamberlain and praetorian prefects, namely Saoterus, Perennis, and Cleander.

Commodus was assassinated by the wrestler Narcissus in 192, ending the Nerva–Antonine dynasty. He was succeeded by Pertinax, the first claimant in the tumultuous Year of the Five Emperors.

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Marcia

Marcia

Marcia Aurelia Ceionia Demetrias, död 193, var älskarinna till kejsar Commodus.

Hon var dotter till Marcia Aurelia Sabiniana, Lucius Verus' frigivna slav. Hon blev älskarinna till senator Marcus Ummidius Quadratus Annianus. Marcia och Marcus Ummidius Quadratus Annianus deltog båda i Lucillas misslyckade kuppförsök mot Commodus 182, men Marcia undslapp åtal, och Commodus inledde istället ett förhållande med henne samma år, sedan han förvisat sin maka Bruttia Crispina.

År 193 mördade Marcia kejsar Commodus i samarbete med Quintus Aemilius Laetus och Commodus tjänare Eclectus. Hon dödades dock av kejsar Didius Julianus.

Hon var en av en rad inflytelserika älskarinnor till romerska kejsare som är kända, jämsides med Claudia Acte, Antonia Caenis och Galeria Lysistrate.

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