Vem daterade Diane d'Andoins?

Diane d'Andoins, född 1554, död 1620, kallad La belle Corisande, var officiell mätress till kung Henrik IV av Frankrike mellan 1581 och 1587.

Hon var dotter till Paul Andoins Baron, Viscount och greve av Louvigny, och Marguerite de Cauna, och gifte sig 1568 med Philibert de Gramont (1552-1580), drots i Béarn, greve de Gramont och Guiche, Viscount av Aster och Louvigny, Seigneur de Lescure och guvernör i Bayonne. Hon var känd för sin skönhet och sin smak för riddarromaner och kallades på grund av det sistnämnda för Corisande, ett namn på en hjältinna från en sådan roman.

År 1581 mötte hon Henrik IV, då monark av Navarra och deltagare i de franska religionskrigen, och blev hans officiella mätress. Hon bidrog till att finansiera hans krig genom att sälja sina diamanter och gods. Henrik skrev ett brev till henne med sitt eget blod där han lovade att gifta sig med henne, ett löfte han aldrig uppfyllde. Enligt vissa historiker fick paret en son vid namn Antonin.

Henry IV (French: Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry (le Bon Roi Henri) or Henry the Great (Henri le Grand), was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarch of France from the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. He pragmatically balanced the interests of the Catholic and Protestant parties in France, as well as among the European states. He was assassinated in Paris in 1610 by a Catholic zealot, and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII.

Henry was baptised a Catholic but raised as a Huguenot in the Protestant faith by his mother, Queen Jeanne III of Navarre. He inherited the throne of Navarre in 1572 on his mother's death. As a Huguenot, Henry was involved in the French Wars of Religion, barely escaping assassination in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. He later led Protestant forces against the French royal army. Henry inherited the throne of France in 1589 upon the death of Henry III, his distant cousin. Henry IV initially kept the Protestant faith (the only French king to do so) and had to fight against the Catholic League, which refused to accept a Protestant monarch. After four years of military stalemate, Henry converted to Catholicism, reportedly saying that "Paris is well worth a Mass". As a pragmatic politician (politique), he promulgated the Edict of Nantes (1598), which guaranteed religious liberties to Protestants, thereby effectively ending the French Wars of Religion.

An active ruler, Henry worked to regularize state finance, promote agriculture, and encourage education. He began the first successful French colonization of the Americas. He promoted trade and industry, and prioritized the construction of roads, bridges, and canals to facilitate communication within France and strengthen the country's cohesion. These efforts stimulated economic growth and improved living standards.

While the Edict of Nantes brought religious peace to France, some hardline Catholics and Huguenots remained dissatisfied, leading to occasional outbreaks of violence and conspiracies. Henry IV also faced resistance from certain noble factions who opposed his centralization policies, leading to political instability. His main foreign policy success was the Peace of Vervins in 1598, which made peace in the long-running conflict with Spain. He formed a strategic alliance with England. He also forged alliances with Protestant states, such as the Dutch Republic and several German states, to counter the Catholic powers. His policies contributed to the stability and prominence of France in European affairs.